Here you will find a list of the Traditional Sahnish Chiefs.

Pictured to the right is Chief Crow (Crow Ghost).

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Sahnish Chiefs

Traditional Sahnish (Arikara) Chiefs

 

Chief Crow (Crow Ghost)
Northwestern University Library, Edward S. Curtis's 'The North American Indian': the Photographic Images, 2001.

* denotes Head Chief (The Head Chief came from the leading village of the "Awahu" {Left Behind})

1. Little Cherries (nakansirisásIt) ~1742

2. Crazy Bear (Kunnxsannax) ~1795

3. Straw (PákUs) ~1804

4. Crow At Rest (Kaakaatiisá) ~ 1804

5. Feather of Eagle (pi’aahiítu’ ) ~ 1804

6. Chief Robe (NeésaánsAhuuts) ~1804

7. White Eagle (neétAhkas taaká) ~ 1804

8. Chief Crow (kaakaaneesaánu) ~1804


9. Gourd Rattle (naiíkúts) ~1804

10. Chief Dog (xaaneesaánu’) ~1804

11. Many Wolves (siriitiraaNIhuu’) ~ 1804

12. Male Crow (KaakaawiítA) ~ 1804

13. Gray Eyes (ir’Ataraáwiis’) ~1806 / 1823

*14. Star - Bloody Hand (staanápaa’At{sajaa’A}) 1825
Star became the head chief of the Sahnish in 1825. Little is known or written about Star. He was father to Son-of-the Star. He was sketched by Karl Bodmer who called him Bloody Hand.

15. Male / Brave Crow (KaakaawiítA) 1825

16. Face Looks Afraid (skaarín) 1825

17. Fool Chief (Neessanaax) 1825

18. Chief Afraid (neesaánu naríno) 1825

19. Mad Bear (kunnx te nosiíA’) 1825

*20. Chief Iron Bear – Bear Chief (kuuNx tee saanu) 1851
Iron Bear, also called Bear Chief (kuuNx tee saanu) was born when the Arikaras were living along the Grand River (South Dakota) in the late 1700s.

21. Young Eagle Chosen (pi’aáts tawiíA) 1851

*22. White Shield I (Nah T Asuútaáka’ I) 1866
Much is known of White Shield I, who became chief in 1866. His name is remembered in many stories and in the historical record.
Chief White Shield Stories:

Photo courtesty SHS

*23. Son-of-the-Star – Rushing Bear (kuunNux tunawiinx) ~1825 - 1881. Son-of-the-Star was chief during a time of great changes for the Sahnish Nation.

24. Two Bears (kuúNUx pítkUx) 1878

25. Wolf Necklace (Siriiskaá,) 1878

Photo courtesty SHS

26. Crow Chief (kaakaaneesaan,) 1878

27. Whistling Bear (KuuNUxisWAhnaáhUx) 1878

28. Yellow Knife (Neésitahkáta) 1878

29. Bear of the Woods (KuuNUxtika’isAt) 1878

30. Dog Chief (Xanéesaanú’) 1878

*31. Sitting Bear – Sugar (KuúNUx teewiita/ka’it) 1881 - 1915
Sitting Bear became like his father and his grand father became chief at the death of Son-of-the Star.

32. Bear's Teeth (KuuNUxaánu’) 1881

33. Strikes Two (TitaráwiiA) 1881

Photo courtesty SHS

34. Standing Soldier (XunáNis teéRIt) 1881

35. Soldier (XunáNIs) 1881

*36. Floyd Bear - Arrow (Niisu’) 1915 – 1926
Arrow was Awahu chief, son of Chief Sitting Bear and Black Calf Woman. He was instrumental in securing army pensions for the last nine remaining Ree Scouts who had fought with General Armstrong Custer. At the time of his death, his son Robert Bear Senior was considered too young to serve as Head Chief. The Sub chiefs appointed Harry Gillette (White Shield II) as Head Chief until such time as Robert Bear, Sr. was old enough.

*37. Harry Gillette - White Shield II
(Nah T Assuutaáka’ II) 1926 - 1947
Born in Fort Berthold in 1867 at Fort Berthold Reservation. He became chief in 1915.

Photo of Harry Gillette. Northwestern University Library, Edward S. Curtis's 'The North American Indian': the Photographic Images, 2001.

*38. Robert Bear, Senior – Yellow Tail (NeetaanTakaTa) 1947-1961
Robert Bear, Senior became chief in 1947 at the time of his uncle’s death (Harry Gillette - White Shield II). A member of the Dead Grass Society, he married Dora Hopkins in 1925. They had seven sons and five daughters. His son is the current Sahnish Chief.

*39. Robert Bear, Junior – Swift Hawk (KuunuxTuunawiinx) 1961
A direct descendent of Chief Son-Son-of-the-Star, Robert Bear Junior- Swift Hawk is the current chief and the last hereditary chief of the Awahu. He became chief in 1961, after his father’s death in a mining accident. Chief Bear has a wide range of knowledge of Sahnish oral history, Grass Dance songs, veteran songs, Old Scout Songs and Ree hymns learned from his father, uncles and Sahnish Elders.

Yellow Bird, Dorreen, 2003, The History and Culture of the Mandan, Hidatsa and Sahnish, Department of Public Instruction, Bismarck, North Dakota.

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